I’m Mark Oppold with an American Agriculture History Minute. Ethnicity made a big difference in early American agriculture. German Americans, for example, brought with them practices and traditions that were quite different from those English and Scottish farmers. Germans adapted old -world techniques here, where land was more abundant in supply. They generally preferred oxen to horses for plowing, for …
American Agriculture History Minute: British Attempt to Restrict Westward Movement
I’m Mark Oppold with an American Agriculture History Minute. Westward expansion in the U .S. did not come easy or did not come early on. The British Empire attempted to restrict westward expansion with their ineffective Proclamation Line of 1763, of course abolished after the American Revolutionary War. The first major movement west of the Appalachian Mountains came from farmers …
American Agriculture History Minute: Draft Horses Imported for Farm Work
I’m Mark Oppold with an American Agriculture History Minute. Horses and oxen provided a lot of the power on American farms until the mid -1800s. Oxen were too slow to pull some of the new machinery. Producers were using in the 1850s and 1860s. Most of the horses were fast enough, but they tired quickly. Powerful animals like the draft …
American Agriculture History Minute: How Crops Migrated West
I’m Mark Oppold with an American Agriculture History Minute. In the 1850s, there was a great push, migration to the west, finally crossing the Mississippi River and settling in Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, and Nebraska. Farmers arriving from many different regions of the U .S. brought their special agricultural ideas with them. Those producers who had settled in New England and …
American Agriculture History Minute: Ag Hall of Fame First Inductees
I’m Mark Oppold with an American Agriculture History Minute. There’s a Hall of Fame for every major sport and many institutions, and so it is with agriculture. The Ag Hall of Fame in Bonner Springs, Kansas, near Kansas City, was federally chartered in 1960. Its purpose was, and is, to honor individuals who have made major contributions to the establishment …
American Agriculture History Minute: Crop Adjustments After the Civil War
I’m Mark Oppold with an American Agriculture History Minute. During the Civil War, wheat prices were higher. Many producers planted more wheat. With the end of the war, the bottom dropped out of wheat prices, and in older fields, wheat yields grew poor. Pests like grasshoppers, cinch bugs attacked the wheat, destroying whole crops in some cases. For many producers, …
American Agriculture History Minute: Trade, Barter, Pay Taxes
I’m Mark Oppold with an American Agriculture History Minute. As settlers moved west across the Mississippi River, great expansion continued. Early farmers planted crops that supplied their families and livestock with food. They kept a few chickens a hog or two, a cow, maybe some sheep. They cleared more land each year, grew bigger crops. Extra wheat, corn, oats, or …
American Agriculture History Minute: Midwest Migration
I’m Mark Oppold with an American Agriculture History Minute. By the 1850s, the migration to the Midwest had become a great wave. Families camped at the Mississippi River, waiting their turn for ferry boats to the other side, Iowa and beyond. In only a few years, these settlers would turn forests and prairies into plowed fields. Iowa is located where …
American Agriculture History Minute: Grain Silos Developed
I’m Mark Oppold with an American Agriculture History Minute. In 1873, Fred Hatch, a farmer from Illinois, built what is believed to be America’s first variation of the modern silo, trying to figure out how to store grain on his farm, also combating spoilage and rodent damage. Early rounded silos, like hatches, were made of brick or wood using cement, …
American Agriculture History Minute: Cargill Brothers Develop Grain Storage
I’m Mark Oppel with an American Agriculture History Minute. As grain production grew in the mid -1800s, it became evident farmers could not use all the crops they grew and didn’t want to be forced to sell for a lack of storage. Such was the case for an Iowa farmer in 1865. He bought a grain flat house in Conover, …